References Hanson & Bussière 1996

References marked with an asterisk indicate studies included in the meta-analysis.

A

Abel, G. G., Mittelman, M. S., & Becker, J. V. (1985). Sexual offenders: Results of assessment and recommendations for treatment. In M. H. Ben-Aron, S. J. Hucker, & C. D. Webster (Eds.). Clinical criminology (pp. 191-205). Toronto, Ontario: Clarke Institute of Psychiatry.

*Abel, G. G., Mittelman, M., Becker, J. V., Rathner, J., & Rouleau, J. (1988). Predicting child molesters' response to treatment. In R. A. Prentky & V. L. Quinsey (Eds.), Human sexual aggression: Current perspectives (pp. 223-234). New York: New York Academy of Science.

Alexander, M. (1995, September). Sex offender treatment: Does it work? Presentation at the NOTA/ATSA 1st Joint International Conference, Cambridge, UK.

Anderson, N. W., & Masters, K. W. (1992). Predators and politics: A symposium on Washington’s Sexually Violent Predators Statute [Special Issue]. University of Puget Sound Law Review, 15(3).

Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (1994). The psychology of criminal conduct. Cincinnati, OH: Anderson.

B

*Barbaree, H. E., & Marshall, W. L. (1988). Deviant sexual arousal, offense history and demographic variables as predictors of reoffense among child molesters. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 6, 267-280.

Baxter, D. J., Marshall, W. L., Barbaree, H. E., Davidson, P. R., & Malcolm, P. B. (1984). Deviant sexual behavior: Differentiating sex offenders by criminal and personal history, psychometric measures, and sexual response. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 11, 477-501.

*Beck, A. J., & Shipley, B. E. (1989). Recidivism of prisoners released in 1983. Washington, DC: Bureau of Justice Statistics.

Blackburn, R. (1989). Psychopathy and personality disorder in relation to violence. In K. Howells & C. R. Hollin, (Eds.), Clinical approaches to violence (pp. 61-87). Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons.

*Bluglass, R. (1980). Indecent exposure in the West Midlands. In D. West (Ed.), Sex offenders in the criminal justice system (pp. 171-180) Cambridge: Cambridge Institute of Criminology.

Bonta, J. (1996). Risk-needs assessment and treatment. In A. T. Harland, (Ed.), Choosing correctional options that work (pp. 18-32). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Bonta, J., & Hanson, R. K. (1994). Gauging the risk for violence: Measurement, impact and strategies for change (User Report No. 1994-09). Ottawa, Canada: Department of the Solicitor General of Canada.

*Bonta, J., & Hanson, R. K. (1995a). [10-year recidivism of Canadian federal offenders]. Unpublished raw data.

Bonta, J., & Hanson, R. K. (1995b, August). Violent recidivism of men released from prison. Paper presented at the 103rd annual convention of the American Psychological Association: New York.

Bonta, J., Harman, W. G., Hann, R. G., & Cormier, R. B. (1996). The prediction of recidivism among federally sentenced offenders: A re-validation of the SIR scale. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 38, 61-79.

*Broadhurst, R. G., & Maller, R. A. (1991). Sex offending and recidivism. (Tech. Res. Rep. No. 3). Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia, Crime Research Centre.

*Broadhurst, R. G., & Maller, R. A. (1992). The recidivism of sex offenders in the Western Australian prison population. British Journal of Criminology, 32(1), 54-80.

Bumby, K. M. (1996). Assessing the cognitive distortions of child molesters and rapists: Development and validation of the MOLEST and RAPE scales. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 8, 37-54.

C

Champion, D. J. (1994). Measuring offender risk: A criminal justice sourcebook. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

Cortoni, F., & Marshall, W. L. (1995). Coping with Sex Inventory. Unpublished manuscript. Available from the Psychology Department, Queens University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada, K7L 2N6.

*Christiansen, K., Elers-Nielsen, M., Le Maire, L., & Stü rup, G. K. (1965). Recidivism among sexual offenders. Scandinavian Studies in Criminology, 1, 55-85.

D

*Davis, G. L., Hoffman, R. G., & Stacken, N. (1991, August). 2-4 year post-incarceration follow-up of treated sex offenders. Paper presented at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, CA.

*Dix, G. E. (1976). Differential processing of abnormal sex offenders. Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, & Police Science, 67, 233-243.

*Doshey, L. J. (1943). The boy sex offender and his later career. Montclair, NJ: Patterson Smith.

E

*Epperson, D. L., Kaul, J. D., Huot, S. J. (1995, October). Predicting risk for recidivism for incarcerated sex offenders: Updated development on the Sex Offender Screening Tool (SOST). Poster session presented at the annual conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, New Orleans, LA.

F

Farrington, D. P., & Loeber, R. (1989). Relative improvement over chance (RIOC) and phi as measures of predictive efficiency and strength of association in 2 ´ 2 tables. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 5, 201-213.

*Federoff, J. P., Wisner-Carlson, R., Dean, S., & Berlin, F. S. (1992). Medroxy-progesterone acetate in the treatment of paraphilic sexual disorders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation, 18(3/4), 109-123.

*Fitch, J. H. (1962). Men convicted of sexual offences against children: A descriptive follow-up study. British Journal of Criminology, 3, 18-37.

*Florida Department of Health and Rehabilitative Services. (1984). Status of the sex offender treatment programs, fiscal year 1983-84, and addendum. Annual Report to the Florida Legistature, Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Program Office. Tampa, FL: Author.

*Frisbie, L. V. (1969). Another look at sex offenders in California. (California Mental Health Research Monograph No. 12). California: State of California Department of Mental Hygiene.

*Frisbie, L. V., & Dondis, E. H. (1965). Recidivism among treated sex offenders. (California Mental Health Research Monograph No. 5). California: State of California Department of Mental Hygiene.

Furby, L., Weinrott, M. R., & Blackshaw, L. (1989). Sex offender recidivism: A review. Psychological Bulletin, 105, 3-30.

G

*Gibbens, T. C. N., Soothill, K. L., & Way, C. K. (1978). Sibling and parent-child incest offences. British Journal of Criminology, 18, 40-52.

*Gibbens, T. C. N., Soothill, K. L., & Way, C. K. (1980). Child molestation. In D. J. West (Ed.), Sex offenders in the criminal justice system. Papers presented to the 12th Cropwood Round-Table Conference (pp. 89-99). Cambridge, Great Britain: Institute of Criminology, University of Cambridge.

*Gibbens, T. C. N., Way, C. K., & Soothill, K. L. (1977). Behavioural types of rape. British Journal of Psychiatry, 130, 32-42.

*Gordon, A., & Bergin, H. (1990). Description and evaluation of the sexual offender program at the Regional Psychiatric Centre. Paper presented at annual meeting of the Canadian Psychological Association, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

*Gordon, A., & Porporino, F. J. (1990, May). Managing the treatment of sex offenders: A Canadian perspective. (Research Brief No. B-05). Ottawa, Canada: Research and Statistics Branch, Correctional Service of Canada.

*Gore, D. K. (1988). Measuring the cognitive distortions of child molesters: Psychometric properties of the cognition scale. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation, Georgia State University, Georgia.

Gottfredson, D. M., & Tonry, M. (Eds.). (1987). Prediction and classification: Criminal justice decision making. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Graham, J. R. (1990). MMPI-2: Assessing personality and psychopathology. New York: Oxford University Press.

*Graham, K. R. (1991). The sexual addiction model in treatment of incarcerated offenders. Sexual Addiction and Compulsivity, 1(3), 1-6.

*Gretton, H., McBride, M., & Hare, R. D. (1995, October). Psychopathy in adolescent sex offenders: A follow-up study. Paper presented at the annual conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, New Orleans, LA.

*Grünfeld, B., & Nöreik, K. (1986). Recidivism among sex offenders: A follow-up study of 541 Norwegian sex offenders. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 9, 95-102.

H

*Hackett, T. P. (1971). The psychotherapy of exhibitionists in a court clinic setting. Seminars in Psychiatry, 3, 297-306.

*Hall, G. C. N. (1988). Criminal Behaviour as a function of clinical and actuarial variables in a sex offender population. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 773-775.

Hall, G. C. N. (1990). Prediction of sexual aggression. Clinical Psychology Review, 10, 229-245.

Hall, G. C. N. (1995a). Sexual offender recidivism revisited: A meta-analysis of recent treatment studies. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 63, 802-809.

*Hall, G. C. N. (1995b). The preliminary development of a theory-based community treatment for sexual offenders. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 26, 478-483.

*Hall, G. C. N., & Proctor, W. C. (1987). Criminological predictors of recidivism in a sexual offender population. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 55, 111-112.

Hanson, R. K., Gizzarelli, R., & Scott, H. (1994). The attitudes of incest offenders: Sexual entitlement and acceptance of sex with children. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21, 187-202.

Hanson, R. K., & Scott, H. (1995). Assessing perspective-taking among sexual offenders, nonsexual criminals, and nonoffenders. Sexual Abuse: A Journal of Research and Treatment, 7, 259-277.

Hanson, R. K., & Scott, H. (in press). Social networks of sexual offenders. Psychology, Crime, & Law.

Hanson, R. K., Scott, H., & Steffy, R. A. (1995). A comparison of child molesters and non-sexual criminals: Risk predictors and long-term recidivism. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 32(3), 325-337.

Hanson, R. K., & Slater, S. (1988). Sexual victimization in the history of child molesters: A review. Annals of Sex Research, 1, 485-499.

Hanson, R. K., Steffy, R. A., & Gauthier, R. (1992). Long-term follow-up of child molesters: Risk prediction and treatment outcome. (User Report No. 1992-02.) Ottawa: Corrections Branch, Ministry of the Solicitor General of Canada.

Hanson, R. K., Steffy, R. A., & Gauthier, R. (1993a). Long-term recidivism of child molesters. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 61, 646-652.

*Hanson, R. K., Steffy, R. A., & Gauthier, R. (1993b). [Long-term recidivism of child molesters]. Unpublished raw data.

Hare, R. D., Forth, A. E., & Strachan, K. E. (1992). Psychopathy and crime across the life span. In R. D. Peters, R. J. McManon, & V. L. Quinsey, (Eds.), Aggression and violence throughout the life span (pp. 285-300). Newburby Park, CA: Sage.

Hays, W. L. (1981). Statistics (3rd ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. New York: Academic Press.

Hunter, J. E., & Schmidt, F. L. (1990). Methods for meta-analysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

J

Johnson, H., & Sacco, V. F. (1995). Researching violence against women: Statistics Canada’s national survey. Canadian Journal of Criminology, 37, 281-304.

Jones, P. R. (1996). Risk prediction in criminal justice. In A. T. Harland, (Ed.), Choosing correctional options that work (pp. 33-68). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

K

*Kahn, T. J., & Chambers, H. J. (1991). Assessing reoffense risk with juvenile sex offenders. Child Welfare, 70, 333-345.

*Khanna, A., Brown, P., Malcolm, P. B., & Williams, S. M. (1989, March). Outcome data on sex offenses assessed and treated at Regional Treatment Centre (Ontario). Paper presented at annual meeting of the Special Needs Offenders Conference, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Knopp, F. H., Freeman-Longo, R., & Stevenson, W. F. (1992). Nationwide survey of juvenile and adult sex offender treatment programs and models. Brandon, VT: Safer Society.

Koss, M. P. (1993). Detecting the scope of rape: A review of prevalence research methods. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 198-222.

L

*Lab, S. P., Shields, G., & Schondel, C. (1993). Research note: An evaluation of juvenile sexual offender treatment. Crime and Delinquency, 39, 543-553.

Lees-Haley, P. R. (1992). Psychodiagnostic test usage by forensic psychologists. American Journal of Forensic Psychology, 10, 25-30.

Ley, P. (1972). Quantitative aspects of psychological assessment: An introduction. London: Duckworth.

Lisak, D., & Roth, S. (1988). Motivational factors in nonincarcerated sexually aggressive men. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 55, 795-802.

Loeber, R., & Dishion, T. J. (1983). Early predictors of male delinquency. Psychological Bulletin, 94, 68-99.

Loeber, R., & Stouthamer-Loeber, M. (1987). Prediction. In H. C. Quay, (Ed.), Handbook of juvenile delinquency (pp. 325-382). New York: Wiley.

M

*Mair, K. J., & Stevens, R. H. (1994). Offending histories and offending behaviour. A ten year follow-up of sex offenders tried by sheriff and district courts in Grampian, Scotland. Psychology, Crime and Law, 1, 83-92.

*Mair, K. J., & Wilson, D. (1995). Sexual reconviction over time in Scottish sex offenders identified through court records. Unpublished manuscript.

Malamuth, N. M., & Brown, L. M. (1994). Sexually aggressive men’s perceptions of women’s communications: Testing three explanations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 699-712.

*Malcolm, P. B., Andrews, D. A., & Quinsey, V. L. (1993). Discriminant and predictive validity of phallometric measured sexual age and gender preference. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 486-501.

*Maletzky, B. M. (1980). Assisted covert sensitization. In D. J. Cox and R. J. Daitzman (Eds.), Exhibitionism: Description, assessment and treatment (pp. 187-251). New York: Garland.

*Maletzky, B. M. (1991). Treating the sexual offender. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

*Maletzky, B. M. (1993). Factors associated with success and failure in the behavioral and cognitive treatment of sexual offenders. Annals of Sex Research, 6, 241-258.

The management and treatment of sex offenders. (1990). Ottawa, Canada: Minister of Supply and Services.

*Marques, J. K., Day, D. M., Nelson, C., & West, M. A. (1993). Effects of cognitive-behavioral treatment on sex offenders’ recidivism: Preliminary results of a longitudinal study. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21, 28-54.

*Marques, J. K., Nelson, C., West, M. A., & Day, D. M. (1994). The relationship between treatment goals and recidivism among child molesters. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 577-588.

*Marshall, P. (1994). Reconviction of imprisoned sexual offenders. Research Bulletin, 36, 23-29.

*Marshall, W. L., & Barbaree, H. E. (1988). The long-term evaluation of a behavioral treatment program. Behavior Research and Therapy, 26, 499-511.

Marshall, W. L., Jones, R., Ward, T., Johnston, P., & Barbaree, H. E. (1991). Treatment outcome with sex offenders. Clinical Psychology Review, 11, 465-485.

Marshall, W. L., & Pithers, W. D. (1994). A reconsideration of treatment outcome with sex offenders. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 21, 10-27.

*McBride, M., Gretton, H., & Hare, R. D. (1995, October). Familial risk factors, psychopathy and recidivism in adolescent sexual offenders. Paper presentation at the annual conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, New Orleans, LA.

*McConaghy, N., Blaszczynski, A., Armstrong, M. S., & Kidson, W. (1989). Resistance to treatment of adolescent sex offenders. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 18(2), 97-107.

McKibben, A., Proulx, J., & Lusignan, R. (1994). Relationships between conflict, affect and deviant sexual behaviors in rapists and child molesters. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 32, 571-575.

*Meyers, L. C., & Romero, J. (1980). A ten-year follow-up of sex offender recidivism. Philadephia, PA: J. J. Peters Institute.

*Mohr, J., Turner, R., & Jerry, M. (1964). Pedophilia and exhibitionism. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.

*Money, J., & Bennett, R. G. (1981). Post-adolescent paraphilic sex offenders: Antiandrogenic and counselling therapy follow-up. International Journal of Mental Health, 10(2/3), 122-133.

*Motiuk, L. L., & Brown, S. L. (1993). Survival time until suspension for sex offenders on conditional release. (Research Report No. R-31). Ottawa, Canada: Correctional Service of Canada.

Motiuk, L. L., & Porporino, F. J. (1989). Field test of the community risk/needs management scale: A study of offenders on caseload. (Research Report No. R-06). Ottawa, Canada: Correctional Service of Canada.

N

Norušis, M. J. (1993). SPSS for Windows. Chicago: SPSS Inc.

*Nutbrown, V., & Stasiak, E. (1987). A retrospective analysis of O.C.I. cost effectiveness 1977-81. (Ontario Correctional Institute Research Monograph No. 2). Brampton, Ontario, Canada: Ontario Ministry of Correctional Services.

P

*Pacht, A. R., & Roberts, L. M. (1968). Factors related to parole experiences and the deviated sex offender. Correctional Psychologist, 3, 8-9, 34-35.

Pedhazur, E. J. (1982). Multiple regression in behavioral research (2nd. ed.). New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.

Pellerin, B., Proulx, J., Ouimet, M., Paradis, Y., McKibben, A., & Aubut, J. (1996). Étude de la récidive post-traitement chez des agresseurs sexuels judiciarisés. Criminologie, 29(1), 85-108.

*Perkins, D. (1987). A psychological treatment programme for sex offenders. In B. J. McGurk, D. M. Thornton, & M. Williams, (Eds.), Applying psychology to imprisonment: Theory and practice (pp. 191-217). London: Her Majesty's Stationary Office.

Peters, S., Wyatt, G., & Finkelhor, D. (1986). Prevalence. In D. Finkelhor and Associates (Eds.), Sourcebook on child sexual abuse (pp. 15-59). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

*Pierson, T. A. (1989). 1989 update figures for Missouri Sex Offender Study. Jefferson City, MO: Missouri Department of Corrections.

Pithers, W. D., Beal, L. S., Armstrong, J., & Petty, J. (1989). Identification of risk factors through clinical interviews and analysis of records. In D. R. Laws, (Ed.), Relapse prevention with sex offenders (pp. 77-87). New York: Guilford Press.

Pithers, W. D., Kashima, K., Cummings, G. F., Beal, L. S., & Buell, M. (1988). Relapse prevention of sexual aggression. In R. Prentky & V. Quinsey, (Eds.), Human sexual aggression: Current perspectives (pp. 244-260). New York: New York Academy of Sciences.

*Prentky, R. A., Knight, R. A., & Lee, A. F. (1994, November). A 24-year follow-up of (variably) treated sex offenders: Methodological issues in determining recidivism rates. Paper presentation at the annual conference of the Association for the Treatment of Sexual Abusers, San Francisco, CA.

*Prentky, R. A., Knight, R. A., & Lee, A. F. (1995). Risk assessment with extrafamilial child molesters. Unpublished manuscript.

*Prentky, R. A., Knight, R. A., Lee, A. F., & Cerce, D. D. (1995). Predictive validity of lifestyle impulsivity for rapists. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 22(2), 106-128.

Proulx, J., Pellerin, B., McKibben, A., Aubut, J., & Ouimet, M. (in press). Static and dynamic predictors fo recidivism in sexual offenders. Sexual Abuse.

*Proulx, J., Pellerin, B., McKibben, A., Aubut, J., & Ouimet, M. (1995). [Static and dynamic predictors of recidivism in sexual aggressors]. Unpublished raw data.

Q

Quinsey, V. L. (1984). Sexual aggression: Studies of offenders against women. In D. N. Weisstub (Ed.), Law and mental health: International perspectives (Vol. 1; pp. 84-121). New York: Pergamon.

Quinsey, V. L. (1986). Men who have sex with children. In D. N. Weisstub (Ed.), Law and mental health: International perspectives (Vol. 2; pp. 140-172). New York: Pergamon.

Quinsey, V. L., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., & Lalumière, M. (1993). Assessing treatment efficacy in outcome studies of sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 8, 512-523.

*Quinsey, V. L., Lalumière, M. L., Rice, M. E., & Harris, G. T. (1995). Predicting sexual offenses. In J. C. Campbell (Ed.), Assessing dangerousness: Violence by sexual offenders, batterers, and child abusers (pp. 114-137). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

*Quinsey, V. L., Rice, M. E., & Harris, G. T. (1995). Actuarial prediction of sexual recidivism. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 10(1), 85-105.

*Quinsey, V. L., Rice, M. E., & Harris, G. T. (1990). Psychopathology, sexial deviance, and recidivism among sex offenders released from a maximum security psychiatric institution. (Res. Rep. No. VII-I). Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada: Mental Health Centre.

R

*Radzinowicz, L. (1957). Sexual offenses. London: MacMillan.

*Reddon, J. R., Studer, L., & Estrada, L. (1995). [Recidivism data from the Pheonix Program for sex offender treatment]. Unpublished raw data.

*Rice, M. E., & Harris, G. T. (1995). Cross-validation of actuarial predictions. (Res. Rep. No. XII-II). Penetanguishene, Ontario: Mental Health Centre.

*Rice, M. E., Harris, G. T., & Quinsey, V. L. (1990). A follow-up of rapists assessed in a maximum-security psychiatric facility. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 5(4), 435-448. 43

*Rice, M. E., Quinsey, V. L., & Harris, G. T. (1989). Predicting sexual recidivism among treated and untreated extrafamilial child molesters released from a maximum security psychiatric institution. (Res. Rep. No. VI-III). Penetanguishene, Ontario, Canada: Mental Health Centre.

*Rice, M. E., Quinsey, V. L., & Harris, G. T. (1991). Sexual recidivism among child molesters released from a maximum security institution. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 59, 381-386.

*Romero, J. J., & Williams, L. M. (1983). Group psychotherapy and intensive probation supervision with sex offenders: A comparative study. Federal Probation, 47, 36-42.

*Rooth, R. G., & Marks, I. M. (1974). Persistent exhibitionism: Short-term response to aversion, self-regulation, and relaxation treatments. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 3, 227-247.

Rosenthal, R. (1991). Meta-analytic procedures for social research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.

Rosenthal, R. (1995). Writing meta-analytic reviews. Psychological Bulletin, 118, 183-192.

*Ryan, G., & Miyoshi, T. (1990). Summary of a pilot follow-up study of adolescent sexual perpetrators after treatment. Interchange, 1, 6-8.

S

*Schram, D. D., Milloy, C. D., & Rowe, W. E. (1991). Juvenile sex offenders: A follow-up study of reoffense behavior. Olympia, WA: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.

Seidman, B. T., Marshall, W. L., Hudson, S. M., & Robertson, P. J. (1994). An examination of intimacy and loneliness in sex offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 9, 518-534.

*Smiley, C., & Mulloy, R. (1995). Treatment of sex offenders: Does intervention work? Unpublished manuscript.

*Smith, W. R., & Monastersky, C. (1986). Assessing juvenile sexual offenders' risk for reoffending. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 13, 115-140.

*Song, L., & Lieb, R. (1995). Washington State sex offenders: Overview of recidivism studies. Olympia, WA: Washington State Institute for Public Policy.

*Soothill, K. L., Jack, A., & Gibbens, T. (1976). Rape: 22-year cohort study. Medicine, Science and the Law, 16, 62-69.

Studer, L. H., Reddon, J. R., Roper, V., & Estrada, L. (in press). Phoenix: An inpatient treatment program for sex offenders. Journal of Offender Rehabilitation.

*Sturgeon, V. H., & Taylor, J. (1980). Report of a five-year follow-up study of mentally disordered sex offenders released from Atascadero State Hospital in 1973. Criminal Justice Journal, 4, 31-63.

*Stü rup, G. K. (1953). Sexual offenders and their treatment in Denmark and other Scandinavian countries. International Review of Criminal Policy, 4, 1-19.

*Stü rup, G. K. (1960). Sex offenses: The Scandinavian experience. Law and Contemporary Problems, 25, 361-375.

*Stü rup, G. K. (1961). Correctional treatment and the criminal sexual offender. Canadian Journal of Corrections, 3, 250-265.

T

Templeman, T. L., & Stinnett, R. D. (1991). Patterns of sexual arousal and history in a "normal" sample of young men. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 20, 137-150.

*Tracy, F., Donnelly, H., Morgenbesser, L., & MacDonald, D. (1983). Program evaluation: Recidivism research involving sex offenders. In J. G. Greer & I. R. Stuart (Eds.), The sexual aggressor: Current perspectives on treatment (pp. 198-213). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

*Thornton, D. (1995). [A 16-year follow-up of 244 sexual offenders from HM Prison Service]. Unpublished raw data.

V

*Vermont Center for Prevention and Treatment of Sexual Abuse. (1991). Vermont Treatment Program for Sexual Aggressors: Program evaluation. (Available from 18 Blair Park Road, P.O. Box 606, Villiston, VT 05495-0606).

W

*Weaver, C., & Fox, C. (1984). The Berkeley Sex Offender Group: A seven year follow-up. Probation Journal, 31(4), 143-146.

Webster, C. D., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Cormier, C., & Quinsey, V. L. (1994). The violence prediction scheme. Toronto, Ontario: Centre of Criminology, University of Toronto.

West, D. J. (1983). Sex offenses and offending. In M. Tonry & N. Morris (Eds.), Crime and justice: An annual review of research (pp.183-233). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

*Williams, S. M., & Khanna, A. (circa 1987). Evaluation of the sex offender treatment program, Regional Treatment Centre - Ontario. Kingston, Ontario, Canada: Ontario Regional Treatment Centre, Correctional Service of Canada.

*Wing, W. A. (circa 1984). A study of reoffenses by treated sex offenders at Western State Hospital. Unpublished manuscript.

*Wormith, J. S., & Ruhl, M. (1987). Preventive detention in Canada. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1, 399-430.