Reconvictions
were classified so as to enable distinctions to be drawn, where appropriate,
between sexual reconvictions, violent but not sexual reconvictions, and other
types of reconviction -- a distinction that has been recommended in the
literature (Thornton and Travers 1992). It is recognized of course that some
convictions for violent offences may have had a sexual element (Marshall
1994). As an indicator of the seriousness of the reconviction, a distinction
was also drawn between those offences which led to a sentence of imprisonment
and those which did not. This produced the following classification:
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376]
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those
reconvicted of a sexual offence (including cases where there had also been
a reconviction for violence or another type of offence) -- all of whom were
imprisoned for a considerable period, the longest being life imprisonment and
the shortest being two years; | |
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those
(not included above) reconvicted of a violent offence and sentenced to
imprisonment for it; | |
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those
(not included above) reconvicted of another type of offence and imprisoned for
it; | |
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those
(not included above) reconvicted of a minor violent or any other offence, but
not imprisoned for it; | |
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those
with no reconvictions of any kind. |
By
June 2000 the offenders in the sample had been out of prison for different
periods of time: the shortest period was 19 months and the longest was 8 years
1 month. Of the 162 prisoners who had been at liberty for at least four years,
11 (6.7 per cent) had, by June 2000, been reconvicted of a sexual
offence. In
every instance a sentence of imprisonment had been imposed, on average 38
months after their discharge from prison. The following summarizes the nature
of the reoffending that led to their re-imprisonment. In all but a few cases
it is apparent from the sentences imposed that the offence was regarded as
extremely serious by the court.
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Six
had originally been convicted of a sexual offence against an adult female; two
of the six had a previous conviction for a sexual offence. When reconvicted
all but one again victimized an adult:
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Five
had originally been sentenced for a sexual offence against a child or
children, all outside of their family unit. Three of them had been previously
convicted for a sexual offence against a child. On reconviction:
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A further nine (5.6 per cent) had been reconvicted of what was apparently a non-sexual violent offence of sufficient seriousness to have resulted in a custodial sentence (there is no way of knowing from the bare statement of the category of offence whether the offence was sexually motivated).
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Five of them received lengthy custodial sentences.
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The remaining four all got less than a year's
imprisonment. |