Quotes from: Sexual Violence Against Children and Adolescents

Deutsches Ärzteblatt | Jg. 122 | Heft 11 | 30. Mai 2025

Harald Dreßing, Andreas Hoell, Leonie Scharmann, Anja M. Simon, Ann-Christin Haag, Dieter Dölling, et al.; May 30 2025
Volume122
Issue11
Type of WorkResearch Report
URLhttps://di.aerzteblatt.de/int/archive/article/244282

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Sexual violence was defined as follows: any sexual act committed against a person under 14 years of age or against the will of a person under 18 years of age. This includes any act with and without physical contact, for example, sexual harassment, sexual assault, and attempted or actual penetration.
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The total percentage of individuals affected by sexual violence in the overall sample surveyed was 12.7% [...]. Of these, 54.1% [...] had been affected by sexual violence once and 45.9% [...] multiple times. 
Women were more likely to be exposed to sexual violence. The rate of those affected was 20.6% [...] among women and 4.8% [...] among men. 
In addition, 16.4% [...] of 18- to 29-year-olds and 11.5% [...] of 30- to 59-year-olds reported having experienced sexual violence. 
When the two age groups were differentiated by gender, it was also found that 27.4% [...] of women and 5.0% [...] of men in the younger age group reported having been affected by sexual violence. In the older age group, this share was 18.8% [...] for women and 4.2% [...] for men.
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Affected individuals also had higher total Childhood Trauma Screener (CTS) scores [...] compared to unaffected individuals, suggesting that they had experienced more extreme or more frequent trauma in childhood. Total WHO-5 [Well-Being-Index] scores, on the other hand, were significantly lower for affected individuals (...), indicating lower subjective well-being.
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In total, 31.7% [...] of those surveyed reported having been exposed to technology-facilitated sexual violence. Women were more commonly affected than were men, with 34.9% [...] of women and 28.2% [...] of men reporting technology-facilitated sexual violence. Of those affected, 61.9% [...] also reported having experienced technology-facilitated sexual violence before the age of 18 years. Similarly, of those who stated in their self-assessment that they had not experienced sexual violence, 27.3% [...] reported incidents of technology-facilitated sexual violence.
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The average age of affected individuals at the time of the first offense was 11.2 years (...). Around half of affected individuals experienced sexual violence once, the other half multiple times. Furthermore, the group of individuals who were under 14 years of age at the time of the offense were more likely to be the victims of multiple episodes than were the group that were older at that time. 
In the case of individuals who were exposed to multiple episodes, the abuse lasted an average of 3.4 years, with a high standard deviation from the mean (SD = 9.4 years) Multiple-episode victims were on average 15.4 years old (SD = 4.3 years) at the time the offenses ceased. 
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A large proportion of affected individuals reported the perpetrator to be male, while 4.5% reported a female perpetrator. 
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Affected individuals most frequently reported having experienced sexual violence either within the family or by relatives (females: 35.3%; males: 18.8%), followed by friends (females: 24.6 %; males: 26.7%).
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In total, 56.2% [...] of victims reported to a third party that they had experienced sexual violence.

Discussion
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In fact, 37.4% of victims reported that they had never previously spoken to anyone about the sexual violence they had experienced. It is remarkable that despite public-awareness and prevention campaigns, the reason often given for this was a sense of shame and the assumption that they would not be believed.
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The serious consequences of sexual violence have been extensively described. Although support in the form of therapy has improved in recent years, the group of affected individuals showed poorer psychological well-being, as measured by the WHO Well-Being Index. 
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With regard to the contexts in which sexual violence occurs, our data show that the contexts most frequently cited for these offenses are family and friends. 
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It is concerning that both affected and unaffected individuals have little knowledge of the support available.
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Nevertheless, our data also indicate that [...] even when affected individuals are aware of the support available, many do not take advantage of this help due to their feelings of shame or concerns that they will not be believed.

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